Impact of a Meltdown at Nuclear Plant
Consequences of Reactor Accident (CRAC-2) Report
-- NRC & SANDIA STUDIED MELTDOWNS/RISKS AT US
NUCLEAR PLANTS in 1982!
Following is an alphabetical listing of every commercial nuclear power plant in the US, extant, or under construction at the time this report was published in 1982.  The 4 categories listed are:
 
Peak Early 
Fatalities
Peak Early 
Injuries
Peak Cancer 
Deaths
Property 
Damage

The numbers given are in case of a class-9, or worse case scenario meltdown, and are based on 1982 population data and on 1982 dollars.  This report was mandated by the Nuclear regulatory Commission and carried out by the Sandia Labs of New Mexico. The Calculation of Reactor Accident Consequences (CRAC-2) report was published by Congress November 1, 1982. It was also printed by the Washington Post the same day. Other major media, including the New York Times published it shortly thereafter. 

Some experts claim that the assessment of the dangers inherent in any and all commercial nuclear power plants has several faults. Among the faults -- any accident can spread to the spent fuel pool where huge amounts of radioactive waste are stored.  The authors of the Reactor Safety Study concluded that changing some of the criteria for data gathering would actually increase the number of early fatalities by a factor of 3 to 4 depending upon circumstances [NUREG-0340]. 

"Peak" does not necessarily mean worst case results because the CRAC-2 model is acknowledged by its authors to have uncertainties in its meteorological modeling capability. Since the CRAC-2 model considers only one year's worth of data and does not model precipitation frequency beyond a distance of 30 miles from the reactor, the model cannot adequately characterize the frequency of precipitation events or range of fallout. 

Economic costs, not included are: the cost of providing health care to the affected population; all onsite costs; litigation costs; direct costs of health effects; and indirect costs.

Early fatalities are deaths due to radiation exposure from causes other than cancer occurring within one year of the accident. However, fatalities will continue over hundreds, possibly thousands of years. Fatalities in the populace directly exposed to the accident will take place over a period long after one year, much of these deaths taking decades to occur. Ionizing radiation can cause aberrations in the genetic pool, hence the hundreds or thousands of years over which fatalities will occur. 

It should be noted that the evacuation model for CRAC-2  does NOT account for actual site conditions such as bottlenecks and terrain barriers which can cause major evacuation routes to overlap the area likely to be covered  by the plume once a release of radioactivity occurs. 

You can get a copy of the report from the Nuclear Information Resource Service at: Phone:202-328-0002, Fax:202-462-2183.

Reactor/Location
Peak Early Fatalities
Peak Early Injuries
Peak Cancer Deaths
Property Damage 
(in Billions-1982 $)
 Arkansas Nuclear One, Units 1  &  2, Russelville, Arkansas
Unit I - 1,900
Unit 2 - 2,100
Unit I - 3,400
Unit 2- 4,000
Unit I -2,900
Unit 2 -3,000
Unit I - $68.1 Billion
Unit 2 - $84.9 Billion
Beaver Valley Units 1 & 2
Shippingport, PA
Unit I - 19,000
Unit 2 - 19,000
Unit I-156,000
Unit 2-156,000
Unit I -28,600
Unit 2 -24,000
Unit I - $122 Billion
Unit 2 - $111 Billion
Bellefonte Units 1 & 2
Scotsboro, Alabama
Unit I - 3,600
Unit 2 - 3,600
Unit I - 7,700
Unit 2 - 7,700
Unit I - 4,500
Unit 2 - 4,500
Unit I - $86.1 Billion
Unit 2 - $82.7 Billion
Big Rock Pt. #1, Charlevoix, MI
3,450
6,030
10,900
unavailable
Braidwood, Units 1 & 2
Joliet, IL=L
Unit I - 6,750
Unit 2 - 6.750
Unit I -63,300
Unit 2--63,300
Unit I-14,200
Unit 2-14,200
Unit I - $127 Billion
Unit 2- $122 Billion
Browns Ferry Units 1,2,3
Decautur, Alabama
Unit 1 - 18,000
Unit 2 - 18,000
Unit 3 - 18,000
Unit I - 42,000
Unit 2 - 42,000
Unit 3 - 42,000
Unit I - 3,900
Unit 2 - 3,900
Unit 3 - 3,900
Unit 1 - $67.3 Billion
Unit 2 - $69.1 Billion
Unit 3 - $73 Billion
 Brunswick, Units  1 & 2, 
Brunswick, N. C.
Unit 1 - 7,500
Unit 2 - 7,500
Unit 1 - 18,000
Unit 2 - 18,000
Unit 1 - 4,600
Unit 2 - 4,600
Unit 1 - $56.5 Billion
Unit 2 - $53.9 Billion
Byron, Units 1 & 2, 
Rockford, IL=L.
Unit 1 - 9,050
Unit 2 - 9,050
Unit 1 - 79,300
Unit 2 - 79,300
Unit 1 - 15,300
Unit 2 - 15,300
Unit 1 - $114 Billion
Unit 2 - $114 Billion
  Callaway Unit 1, Callaway, MO.
11,500
32,000
9,600
$110,000 Billion
Calvert Cliffs, Units 1 & 2, 
Lusby, MD.
Unit 1 - 5,600
Unit 2 - 5,600
Unit 1 - 15,000
Unit 2 - 15,000
Unit 1 - 23,000
Unit 2 - 23,000
Unit 1 - $87.4 Billion
Unit 2 - $92 Billion
  +++Catawba, Units 1 & 2, 
Rock Hill, S.C.
Unit 1 - 5,800
Unit 2 - 5,800
Unit 1 - 88,000
Unit 2 - 88,000
Unit 1 - 42,000
Unit 2 - 42,000
Unit 1 - $101 Billion
Unit 2 -$93.7 Billion
   Clinton, Clinton, IL.
Scaled  1,600 
 32,000
13,000
$92.8 Billion
Commanche Peak, Glen Rose, Texas
1,200 
14,000 
4,800
$117 Billion
Cook, Units 1 & 2
Bridgman, IL.
Unit 1 - 1,900
Unit 2 - 2,000
Unit 1 - 80,000
Unit 2 - 88,000
Unit 1 - 13,000
Unit 2 - 13,000
Unit 1 - $91.9 Billion
Unit 2 - $101 Billion
Cooper, Brownsville, Nebraska
1,600
2,800
3,100
$57.2 Billion
Crystal River, Unit 3, Red Level, Fl.
900
3,800
2,800
$53.8 Billion
Davis-Besse, Ottowa, Ohio
1,400
73,000
10,000
$84 Billion
Diablo Canyon Units 1 & 2
San Luis Opispo, California
Unit 1 - 10,000
Unit 2 - 10,000
Unit 1 - 11,000
Unit 2 - 12,000
Unit 1 - 12,000
Unit 2 - 12,000
Unit 1 - $155 Billion
Unit 2 - $158 Billion
Dresden Units 1, 2 & 3
Morris, Illinois
Unit 1 - 6,000
Unit 2 - 42,000
Unit 3 - 42,000
Unit 1 - 4,000
Unit 2 - 39,000
Unit 3 - 39,000
Unit 1 - 5,000
Unit 2 - 13,000
Unit 3 - 13,000
Unit 1 - $23.5 Billion
Unit 2 - $87.4 Billion
Unit 3 - $89.6 Billion
Duane Arnold, Palo, IA
Scaled 2,900
12,000
not available
$53.8 Billion
Farley, Units 1 & 2
Dothan, Alabama
Unit 1 - 12,000
Unit 2 - 12,000
Unit 1 - 12,000
Unit 2 - 12,000
Unit 1 - 2,900
Unit 2 - 2,900
Unit 1 - $52.2 Billion
Unit 2 - $59.1 Billion
Fermi, Unit 2, Laguna Beach, Mi.
8,000
340,000
13,000
$136 Billion
Fitzpatrick, Scriba, NY
scaled 1,000
scaled 16,000
17,000
$103 Billion
Fort Calhoun, Washington, Nebraska
scaled 3,000
32,000
3,000
$43.4 Billion
Fort St. Vrain, Fort  St. Vrain, Co.
scaled 3,000
3,000
1,000
$38.8 Billion
Ginna, Ontario, NY
scaled 2,000
28,000
scaled 14,000
$63 Billion
Grand Gulf, Units 1 & 2 (2 never built)
Vicksburg, Mississippi
Unit 1 - 4,500
Unit 2 - 4,500
Unit 1 - 10,000
Unit 2 - 10,000
Unit 1 - 3,800
Unit 2 - 3,800
Unit 1 - $83 Billion
Unit 2 - $70.7 Billion
Haddam Neck, Haddam Neck, Ct.
scaled 29,000
50,000
23,000
$74.1 Billion
Hatch, Units 1 & 2 
Baxley, Georgia
Unit 1 - 700
Unit 2 - 700
Unit 1 - 4,000
Unit 2 - 4,000
Unit 1 - 3,000
Unit 2 - 3,000
Unit 1 - $51 Billion
Unit 2 - $56 Billion
Indian Point Units 2 & 3
Buchanon, NY
Unit 2 - 46,000
Unit 3 - 50,000
Unit 2 - 141,000
Unit 3 - 167,000
Unit 2 - 13,000
Unit 3 - 14,000
Unit 2 - $274 Billion
Unit 3 - $314 Billion
Kewaunee, Carlton, Wisconsin
scaled 900
17,000
8,000
$46.9 Billion
LaSalle, Units 1 & 2
Ottowa, Illinois
Unit 1 - 14,000
Unit 2 - 14,000
Unit 1 - 12,000
Unit 2 - 12,000
Unit 1 - 15,000
Unit 2 - 15,000
Unit 1 - $118 Billion
Unit 2 - $120 Billion
LaCrosse, LaCrosse, Wisconsin
scaled 70
400
200
$160 Billion
Limerick, Units 1 & 2
Montgomery, PA 
Unit 1 - 74,000
Unit 2 - 74,000
Unit 1 610,000
Unit 2 - 610,000
Unit 1 - 34,000
Unit 2 - 34,000
Unit 1 - $213 Billion
Unit 2 - $197 Billion
Maine Yankee, Wiscasset, ME 
scaled 8,000
10,000
21,000
$78.5 Billion
Marble Hill, Units 1 & 2 (never built)
Jefferson, Indiana
Unit 1 - 12,000
Unit 2 - 12,000
Unit 1 - 150,000
Unit 2 - 150,000
Unit 1 - 8,000
Unit 2 - 8,000
Unit 1 - $87.2 Billion
Unit 2 - $83.8 Billion
McGuire, Units 1 & 2
Cornelius, NC
Unit 1 - 12,000
Unit 2 - 12,000
Unit 1 - 21,000
Unit 2 - 21,000
Unit 1 - 26,000
Unit 2 - 26,000
Unit 1 - $106 Billion
Unit 2 - $110 Billion
Midland, Units 1 & 2 (never built)
Midland, Michigan
Unit 1 - 4,000
Unit 2 - 7,000
Unit 1 - 11,000
Unit 2 - 20,000
Unit 1 - 8,000
Unit 2 - 10,000
Unit 1 - $56.1 Billion
Unit 2 - $80.4 Billion
Millstone, Units 1, 2 & 3
Waterford, CT
Unit 1 - 13,000
Unit 2 - 18,000
Unit 3 - 23,000
Unit 1 - 12,000
Unit 2 - 18,000
Unit 3 - 30,000
Unit 1 - 29,000
Unit 2 - 33,000
Unit 3 - 38,000
Unit 1 - $91.5 Billion
Unit 2 - $135 Billion
Unit 3 - $174 Billion
Monticello, Monticello, MN
scaled 500
10,000
4,000
$44.6 Billion
Nine Mile Point, Units 1 & 2
Scriba, NY
Unit 1 - 800
Unit 2 - 1,400
Unit 1 - 11,000
Unit 2 - 26,000
Unit 1 - 14,000
unit 2 - 20,000
Unit 1 - $66.2 Billion
Unit 2 - $134 Billion
 North Anna, Units 1 & 2
Mineral, Virginia
Unit 1 - 1,800
Unit 2 - 1,800 
Unit 1 - 5,000
Unit 2 - 5,000
 Unit 1 - 29,000
Unit 2 - 29,000
Unit 1 - $66 Billion
Unit 2 - $60 Billion
Oconee, Units 1, 2, & 3
Seneca, South Carolina
Unit 1 - 4,000
Unit 2 - 4,000
Unit 3 - 4,000
Unit 1 - 47,000
Unit 2 - 47,000
Unit 3 - 47,000
Unit 1 - 4,000
Unit 2 - 4,000
Unit 3 - 4,000
Unit 1 - $56.8 Billion
Unit 2 - $58.3 Billion
Unit 3 - $58.3 Billion
Oyster Creek, Toms River, NJ
13,000
10,000
23,000
$79.8 Billion
Palisades, South Haven, Michigan
1,000
7,000
scaled 10,000
$52.6 Billion
Palo Verde, Units 1, 2, & 3
Maricopa, AZ
Unit 1 - 4,000
Unit 2 - 4,000
Unit 3 - 4,000
Unit 1 - 36,000
Unit 2 - 36,000
Unit 3 - 36,000
Unit 1 - 15,000
Unit 1 - $89.7 Billion
Peach Bottom, Units 2 & 3
Peach Bottom, Pa
Unit 2 - 72,000
Unit 3 - 72,000
Unit 2 - 45,000
Unit 3 - 45,000
Unit 2 - 37,000
Unit 3 - 37,000
Unit 2 - $119 Billion
Unit 3 - $119 Billion
Perry Units 1 & 2 (2 never built)
Painesville, Ohio
Unit 1 - 5,500
Unit 1- 180,000 Unit 1 - 14,000
Unit 2 - 14,000
Unit 1 - $102 Billion
Unit 2 - $86.8 Billion
Pilgrim Unit 1, Plymouth, Ma
3,000
30,000
23,000
$81.8 Billion
Point Beach, Units 1 & 2
Two Creeks, Wisconsin
Unit 1 - 500
Unit 2 - 500
Unit 1 - 9,000
Unit 2 - 9,000
Unit 1 - 7,000
Unit 2 - 7,000
Unit 1 - $41.4 Billion
Unit 2 - $43.8 Billion
Prairie Island, Units 1 & 2
Red Wing, MN
Unit 1 - 2,000
Unit 2 - 2,000
Unit 1 - 4,000
Unit 2 - 4,000
Unit 2 - 4,000
Unit 2 - 4,000
Unit 1 - $48.3 Billion
Unit 2 - $49.5 Billion
Quad Cities, Units 1 & 2
Cordova, Illinois
Unit 1 - 12,000
Unit 2 - 12,000
Unit 1 - 41,000
Unit 2 - 41,000
Unit 1 - 12,000
Unit 2 - 12,000
Unit 1 - $65.1 Billion
Unit 2 - $65.1 Billion
Rancho Seco, Clay Station, Ca
Scaled 30,000
34,000
6,000
$113 Billion
Robinson, Hartsville, SC
Scaled 2,000
8,000
3,000
$42.5 Billion
St. Lucie, Units 1 & 2
Fort Pierce, Florida
Unit 1 - 5,000
Unit 2 - 5,000
Unit 1 - 6,000
Unit 2 - 6,000
Unit 1 - 3,000
Unit 2 - 3,000
Unit 1 - $54.3 Billion
Unit 2 - $59.1 Billion
Salem, Units 1 & 2
Salem, NJ
Unit 1 - 100,000
Unit 2 - 100,000
Unit 1 - 70,000
Unit 2 - 75,000
 Unit 1 - 40,000
Unit 2 - 40,000
Unit 1 - $135 Billion
Unit 2 - $150 Billion
San Onofre, Units 1, 2 & 3
San Clemente, Ca
Unit 1 - 8,000
Unit 2 - 27,000
Unit 3 - 27,000
Unit 1 - 6,000
Unit 2 - 23,000
Unit 3 - 23,000
Unit 1 - 10,000
Unit 2 - 18,000
Unit 3 - 18,000
Unit 1 - $58.8 Billion
Unit 2 - $186 Billion
Unit 3 - $182 Billion
Seabrook, Units 1 & 2
Seabrook, NH
Unit 1 - 7,000
Unit 2 - 7,000
Unit 1 - 27,000
Unit 2 - 27,000
Unit 1 - 6,000
Unit 2 - 6,000
Unit 1 - $163 Billion
Unit 2 - $150 Billion
Sequoyah, Units 1 & 2
Daisy, Tenn. 
Unit 1 - 29,000
Unit 2 - 29,000
Unit 1 - 61,000
Unit 2 - 61,000
Unit 1 - 4,700
Unit 2 - 4,700
Unit 1 - $96.8 Billion
Unit 2 - $98.6 Billion
Shearon Harris, Units 1 & 2 
(2 not built) Apex, N. C. 
Unit 1 - 11,000
Unit 2 - 11,000
Unit 1 - 31,000
Unit 2 - 31,000
Unit 1 - 6,000
Unit 2 - 6,000
Unit 1 - $68.5 Billion
Unit 2 - $47.8 Billion
Shoreham, Wading River, NY
40,000
75,000
35,000
$157 Billion
South Texas, Units 1 & 2
South Texas, TX
Unit 1 - 18,000
Unit 2 - 18,000
Unit 1 - 10,000
Unit 2 - 10,000
Unit 1 - 11,000
Unit 2 - 11,000
Unit 1 - $112 Billion
Unit 2 - $104 Billion
Summer Unit 1, Fairfield, SC
5,000
73,000
4,000
$68.2 Billion
Surry Units 1 & 2
Gravel Neck, VA
Unit 1 - 31,000
Unit 2 - 31,000
Unit 1 - 36,000
Unit 2 - 36,000
Unit 1 - 23,000
Unit 2 - 23,000
Unit 1 - $56.3 Billion
Unit 2 - $57.8 Billion
Susquehanna, Units 1 & 2
Berwick. Pa
Unit 1 - 67,000
Unit 2 - 67,000
Unit 1 - 47,000
Unit 2 - 47,000
Unit 1 - 28,000
Unit 2 - 28,000
Unit 1 - $143 Billion
Unit 2 - $137 Billion
Three Mile Island Units 1 & 2
Middletown, PA
Unit 1 - 42,000
Unit 2 - 42,000
Unit 1 - 50,000
Unit 2 - 57,000
Unit 1 - 26,000
Unit 2 - 28,000
Unit 1 - 102 Billion
Unit 2 - 122 Billion
Trojan, Prescott, OR
Scaled 1,000
14,000
Scaled 5,000
$89.7 Billion
Turkey Point Units 3 & 4
Florida City, Fl
Unit 3 - 29,000
Unit 4 - 29,000
Unit 3 - 45,000
Unit 4 - 45,000
Unit 3 - 4,000
Unit 4 - 4,000
Unit 3 - $43.6 Billion.
Unit 4 - $48.6 Billion
Vermont Yankee
7,000
3,000
17,000
$68.8 Billion
Vogtle, Units 1 & 2
Burke, GA
Unit 1 - 200
Unit 2 - 200
Unit 1 - 39,000
Unit 2 - 39,000
Unit 1 - 4,000
Unit 2 - 4,000
Unit 1 - $70.3 Billion
Unit 2 - $62.3 Billion
Waterford, Unit 3, St. Charles, LA
96,000
279,000
9,000
$131 Billion
Watts Bar, Units 1 & 2
Rhea, Tenn
Unit 1 - 5,000
Unit 2 - 5,000
Unit 1 - 11,000
Unit 2 - 11,000
Unit 1 - 4,000
Unit 2 - 4,000
Unit 1 - $86.6 Billion
Unit 2 - $83.3 Billion
WPPSS Unit 1, Richland, WA
200
20,000
4,000
$80.4 Billion
WPPSS, Unit 2, Benton, WA
300
17,000
4,000
$77.3 Billion
WPPSS, Unit 3, Olympia, WA
173
13,800
4,000
$73.7 Billion
Wolf Creek, Burlington, KS
1,000
3,000
3,000
$105 Billion
Yankee Rowe, Rowe, MA
1,000
100
4,000
$21. 4 Billion
Zimmer, Moscow, OH (not built)
9,000
109,000
10,000
$84.5 Billion
Zion, Units 1 & 2
Zion, IL
Unit 1 - 14,000
Unit 2 - 14,000
Unit 1 - 155,000
Unit 2 - 155,000
Unit 1 - 17,000
Unit 2 - 17,000
Unit 1 - $146 Billion
Unit 2 - $146 Billion

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